![]() Moscow intends to build a “City under Moscow” with boulevards, offices, stores, sports facilities, cinemas, museums and even apartments connected directly to subway and railway stations. The pioneer was Helsinki, which conceived an Underground Master Plan as soon as 2011. Master plans start to anticipate long-term underground use -which includes living below the surface- in many cities. More recently, urban land shortage brought about new planning strategies that include what is below the surface: For example, when there is a high property pressure, people start selling or renting their basement as apartments. Japanese and Canadian underground developments, in relation with the subway system, made it possible to optimize the necessary public investments through the creation of stores and amenities along the subterranean pathways used by the commuters, which eventually became malls in disguise. They consider underground space to be essential to regulate urban sprawl: Saving land through a better distribution of the urban functions, part of them below the surface. ![]() In addition, more and more cities are also designing their future development underground, around the world. Still, urban subterranean world already host components and networks crucial to ensure a proper functioning of the city. Traditionally, the focus in the three-dimensional city is only on height growth. The sixth edition of the Rencontres Internationales de Reims on Sustainability Science addresses the livability of underground spaces, and how they can contribute to successful urban transitions to sustainability. Organized by the International Research Center on Sustainability (IRCS) at the Habiter research laboratory of the Rheims University, in cooperation with partners including the Earth System Governance Project. ![]() For more information see the event website: ![]()
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